Microplastic pollution has become a serious concern in the Bay of Bengal region. It is posing a threat to marine biota and human health through trophic transfer of microplastics and their bioaccumulation. OiLAB members contributed to determine microplastics in gastrointestinal tracts of commercial fishes and shrimps, which were the first account of microplastics (MPs) from the northern Bay of Bengal. However, OiLAB has taken an extensive microplastic monitoring initiative that aims to determine the pathways of MPs within marine food webs. This study focused on taking water, sediment and biota samples representing all trophic levels from over 200 geo-spatial shallow and offshore locations through a belt survey along the 710 km long coast to understand the effects of MPs in marine ecosystem of the Bay of Bengal.